Schmidt Heinrich
Dr. Ernst Heinrich Schmidt (March 27, 1912 - November 28, 2000) was a German physician and SS-Hauptsturmführer, employed
in a variety of Nazi concentration camps during World War II. He was tried in 1947 and 1975 for complicity in war crimes, but was acquitted both times. Schmidt was born in Altenburg, Germany. In
1937, while studying at the University of Leipzig to become a medical doctor, he joined the Nazi party (Member No. 555,294) and the SS (Member No. 23,069). At the outbreak of World War II,
Schmidt was first assigned to a Waffen-SS military hospital.
In 1941, Schmidt became a camp physician at the Buchenwald concentration camp and then transferred from there to Majdanek concentration camp in June 1942. In October 1943, Schmidt was First Camp
Physician at the Gross-Rosen concentration camp and then at Dachau concentration camp in September 1944. Between March 1945 and early April 1945, Schmidt served as
camp physician in the Boelke Kaserne subcamp of Mittelbau-Dora in Nordhausen. Near the end of
World War II, in the course of the evacuation of staff and prisoners from the Mittelbau, Schmidt
wound up at Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on 8 or 9 April 1945.
On April 14, 1945 Belsen was liberated by members of the British Army. Schmidt and Alfred Kurzke testified as witness in the Belsen Trial on 25 October 1945. At this time, he was serving as
senior doctor in the Bergen-Belsen displaced persons camp set up by the Allies at
Bergen-Belsen. He was later arrested and indicted for war crimes in the Dora Trial,
which took place in the context of the Dachau Trials between 7 August 1947 and 30 December 1947. Schmidt was accused of allowing inmates to die by withholding medical care. He was acquitted for
lack of evidence.
Schmidt was again indicted and stood trial at the District Court of Düsseldorf for war crimes committed at Majdanek concentration camp. The third Majdanek Trial (Majdanek-Prozess in German) began
on November 26, 1975, and lasted 474 sessions, Germany's longest and most expensive trial. All the defendants had been SS staff at Majdanek. Schmidt was accused of at least eight murders through
his participation in the selections for the gas chambers. Due to a lack of evidence, Schmidt was acquitted on March 20, 1979 and released on 19 April 1979. Since 1985, Schmidt lived in Uetze,
Germany. He died in Celle in 2000.